Clinical effect of multi-oil fat emulsion for parenteral nutrition support in extremely low birth weight infants / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the clinical effect of multi-oil fat emulsion for parenteral nutrition support in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants.@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was performed for 49 ELBW infants who were admitted from January 1, 2018 to July 30, 2020, with an age of ≤14 days on admission and a duration of parenteral nutrition of > 14 days. According to the type of lipid emulsion received, the ELBW infants were divided into two groups: soybean oil, medium-chain triglycerides, olive oil, and fish oil (SMOF) (@*RESULTS@#The 49 ELBW infants had a mean birth weight of (892±83) g and a mean gestational age of (28.2±2.3) weeks. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the incidence rates of hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus, intraventricular hemorrhage, neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis, retinopathy of prematurity, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), grade Ⅲ BPD, sepsis, and pneumonia (@*CONCLUSIONS@#The application of multi-oil fat emulsion in ELBW infants does not reduce the incidence rate of complications, but compared with MCT/LCT emulsion, SMOF can reduce the severity of PNAC in ELBW infants.

Color characterization and its correlation with quality index during ripening of Rubus chingii / 中国中药杂志

The color of Rubus chingii was characterized by digital method, and the content of water extract, alcohol extract, total flavonoids, total polysaccharides, total polyphenols, ellagic acid, linden glycoside, kaophenol-3-O-rutin were determined. Correlation regression was used to analyze the correlation between color and composition. The results showed that L~* was positively correlated with total polyphenols, kaophenol-3-O-rutin and tilide, and moderately positively correlated with total flavones, ellagic acid and aqueous extracts. The a~* value was negatively correlated with total polyphenols, kaophenol-3-O-rutin, and linden glycosides, while was moderately correlated with total flavones, aqueous extracts, and ellagic acid. The b~* value was negatively correlated with the water extract, and moderately correlated with the content of total polyphenols, total polysaccharides, alcohol extract and kaophenol-3-O-rutin, which showed that R. chingii mature color had a significant correlation with material composition in the process of dynamic change. According to the law of dynamic change in the color and quality indexes, it is determined that the appropriate harvest time is in late April to May 1, while the fruit is not turn yellow. The agronomic traits related to fruit was(12.49±0.56) mm in diameter,(14.25±1.19)mm in height,(1.20±0.14) g in weight, the chroma L~* value was 52.87±3.14,a~* value was 2.01±1.58, b~* values was 28.31±3.88. The results lay a foundation for establishing an objective quantitative evaluation model of R. chingii color from experience.

Application of vacuum stretcher combined with feeding in cranial magnetic resonance imaging examination for neonates: a prospective randomized controlled study / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the effect and safety of vacuum stretcher combined with feeding in cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination for neonates.@*METHODS@#A prospective study was performed for the neonates with hyperbilirubinemia, with a gestational age of >34 weeks and stable vital signs, who needed cranial MRI examination and did not need oxygen inhalation hospitalized in the Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, from September to November, 2019. The neonates were randomly divided into a vacuum stretcher combined with feeding group and a conventional sedation group. Vital signs were monitored before, during, and after MRI examination. The success rate of MRI procedure was recorded.@*RESULTS@#A total of 80 neonates were enrolled in the study, with 40 neonates in the vacuum stretcher combined with feeding group and 40 in the conventional sedation group. The vacuum stretcher combined with feeding group had a significantly higher success rate of MRI procedure than the conventional sedation group (P0.05). No complications, such as apnea, acute allergic reactions, and malignant fever, were observed.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Vacuum stretcher combined with feeding can improve the success rate of MRI procedure and reduce the use of sedatives, and meanwhile, it does not increase related risks.

Clinical features of neonatal enterovirus infection / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the clinical features of neonatal enterovirus infection, especially severe enterovirus infection.@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 244 neonates with enterovirus infection. According to the severity of infection, they were divided into a common infection group with 231 neonates and a severe infection group with 13 neonates. Clinical features were compared between the two groups.@*RESULTS@#Of the 244 neonates, 207 (84.8%) developed the disease in May to October, with the highest number of patients in June to July. Compared with the common infection group, the severe infection group had a significantly lower gestational age at birth and a significantly higher proportion of preterm infants (P<0.05). Compared with the common infection group, the severe infection group had a significantly earlier onset time (P<0.05) and significantly higher incidence rates of skin petechiae and ecchymosis, respiratory symptoms, sepsis-like manifestations (poor appetite, crying less, and less movement), concomitant diseases (such as pneumonia, myocarditis, necrotic hepatitis, and coagulation disorder), thrombocytopenia, prolonged prothrombin time, elevated creatine kinase-MB, and elevated alanine aminotransferase (P<0.05). The severe infection group had a significantly higher mortality rate than the common infection group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#There are significant differences in onset time, common clinical manifestations, and concomitant diseases between the neonates with common and severe enterovirus infection. In the enterovirus epidemic season, if the neonates have rashes and/or sepsis-like manifestations such as poor appetite and less movement, especially if the laboratory tests suggest liver damage and coagulation dysfunction, it is necessary to pay particular attention to the possibility of severe enterovirus infection.

Effect of 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid irrigation on the dentin adhesion of Enterococcus faecalis / 华西口腔医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#This work aims to uncover the promoting effect of 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) irrigation on the dentin adhesion of Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis).@*METHODS@#Forty-eight half split samples and twelve dentin slices were randomly divided into three experimental groups and one control group. The experimental groups and the control group were soaked with EDTA in different time lengths and with normal saline, respectively. E. faecalis was inoculated, and its dentin adhesion was measured via scanning electron microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), colony forming unit counts, and histological Gram staining.@*RESULTS@#According to histological Gram staining, the depth showed no statistically significant differences between 1 min group and the control group, 1 min group and 3 min groups (P>0.05). E. faecalis intruded in the dentine tubules (measured by CLSM), and the thickness of the biofilm on the dentin surface and the colony numbers of experimental groups were greater than those of the control group (P<0.05). The differences between the three experimental groups were statistically signi-ficant (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#EDTA (17%) irrigation can promote E. faecalis adhesion to dentin. This adhesion would in turn prolong EDTA treatment time.

Cloning and bioinformatics analysis of Actin gene in Fritillaria thunbergii / 中成药

AIM To clone the Actin gene in Fritillaria thunbergii Miq.and to make bioinformatics analysis.METHODS The total mRNA in roots,stems,leaves,flowers and bulbs of F.thunbergii was extracted,and the degenerate primer was designed and synthesized.With total mRNA in leaves as a template,the conserved fragments of Actin gene was cloned by RT-PCR and Ta cloning technology.Using this gene as a reference gene,tissue specificity expression analysis was adopted in 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGR) gene.RESULTS One gene sequence (463 bp) was obtained by RT-PCR amplification and Ta cloning.The Actin gene in F.thunbergii showed high similarities to those in Lilium regale Wilson,Tulipa gesneriana,Ornithogalum caudatum Jacq.,Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo,Diospyros kaki Thunb.,Betula luminifera H.Winkl.and Zea mays L.(84％-98％),the homologies of its amino acid sequence to Drosera adelae F.Muell,Brassica napus L.,Vanilla peanigoeia Ancer,L.regale,Jatropha carcas L.,Lycium barbarum L.and Rhizophora stylosa amino acid sequences were all more than 89％,and the Actin protein had close genetic relationships with Lotus corniculatus L.,L.regale and T.gesneriana.The expressions of HMGR gene in various parts of this plant showed obvious differences,which was in sequence of bulbs ＞ flowers ＞ leaves ＞ stems ＞ roots.CONCLUSION It is the first time that Actin gene (named as FtActin) is coloned in F.thunbergii,which can lay the basis for its effective application.

Correlation analysis between quality and habitat phenotype of Hovenia acerba / 中国中药杂志

The contents of dihydromyricetin and total flavonoids of Hovenia acerba seeds were detected by HPLC-DAD and UV spectrophotometer. And then the correlation between the habitat, phenotype and quality of H. acerba seeds were deeply studied. There were big differences in both appearance and quality among the H. acerba seeds from different places. It showed that the content of dihydromyricetin in H. acerba seeds was 0.41-9.81 mg•g⁻¹, and the content of total flavonoids was 5.52-21.98 mg•g⁻¹. The cluster analysis showed that the quality of H. acerba seeds was related to the habitat. The samples from Jianghan Plain Area showed relatively stable and excellent quality. According to the correlation analysis, there was a significant positive correlation between 1 000-seeds weight, red-black seeds ratio and the content of dihydromyricetin, while the content of total flavonoids was not related to the 1 000-seeds weight and red-black seeds ratio. So the 1 000-seeds weight and red-black seeds ratio could be used as an initial judgment of the quality of H. acerba seeds. As dihydromyricetin and total flavonoids content was not related, both dihydromyricetin and total flavonoids should be taken into account when the quality of H. acerba seeds was studied.

Study on combined effects of chemical components for different flowers blossoming degree of yellow medicinal Chrysanthemum morifolium from Zhejiang / 中国中药杂志

The ingredients of five kinds of Zhejiang's yellow Chrysanthemum morifolium with different flower blossoming stages were comparatively analyzed. Polysaccharides, total flavonoids, volatile oil, alcohol extract, water extract, chlorogenic acid, luteolin, 3,5-O-dicaffeoyl quinic acid and fingerprint of the ingredient were determined as indicators. During flower blossoming stages, the ingredients of Ch. morifolium showed a big difference with a certain variation. At the early opening stage, the contents of flavonoids and volatile oil were higher, the content of chlorogenic acid, luteolin, 3,5-O-dicaffeoyl quinic acid were higher in the middle of the flowers 50% -80% fowers blossoming degree is the optimal time for harvest.

Comparison of clinical outcomes in very low birth weight infants with anemia by different transfusion strategies / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the risks and benefits of two transfusion strategies (liberal-transfusion and restrictive-transfusion), as judged by the clinical progress and outcome, in very low birth weight infants.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of 93 hospitalized very low birth weight infants who required blood transfusions were retrospectively studied. The infants were assigned to either the liberal transfusion group (n=58), with higher hematocrit levels, or the restrictive-transfusion group (n=35), with lower hematocrit levels.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The infants in the restrictive-transfusion group received more numbers of RBC transfusions compared with the liberal-transfusion group (2.6+/-1.8 vs 1.8+/-1.0; p<0.05). Liberal-transfusion was associated with faster weight gain and the duration to return to the birth weight averaged 10 days in the liberal-transfusion group compared with 13 days in the restrictive-transfusion group (p<0.01). The infants in the liberal-transfusion group had shorter duration of mechanical ventilation than in the restrictive-transfusion group (5.5+/-4.2 days vs 8.0+/- 5.9 days; p<0.05). There were no significant differences in the incidence of apnea and nosocomial infections between two groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The study suggests the possible benefits from liberal-transfusion for clinical recovery in very low birth weight infants. The restrictive transfusion does not decrease the number of transfusions. It in fact increases the number of clinical indicated transfusions. Neonatologists should weigh the advantages and disadvantages on transfusions to make the optimal decision.</p>

Role and mechanism of uncoupling protein 2 on the fatty acid-induced dysfunction of pancreatic alpha cells in vitro / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Uncoupling protein (UCP) 2 is related to the dysfunction of beta cells induced by fatty acids. However, whether UCP2 has similar effects on alpha cell is still not clear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of UCP2 and its possible mechanisms in lipotoxicity-induced dysfunction of pancreatic alpha cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The alpha TC1-6 cells were used in this study to evaluate the effects of palmitate and/or UCP2 inhibit factors on the glucagon secretory function, glucagon content, the glucagon mRNA level and the nitrotyrosine level in the supernatant. Meantime, the expression levels of UCP2 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1 alpha) were measured by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting. Furthermore, the possible relationship between UCP2 and insulin signal transduction pathway was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Palmitate stimulated alpha cell glucagon secretion and the expression of UCP2 and PGC-1 alpha, which could be partially decreased by the inhibition of UCP2. Palmitate increased nitrotyrosine level and suppressed insulin signal transduction pathway in alpha cells. Inhibition of UCP2 influenced the effects of free fatty acid on alpha cells and may relate to glucagon secretion.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>UCP2 played an important role on alpha cell dysfunction induced by free fatty acid in vitro, which may be related to its effects on oxidative stress and insulin signal transduction pathway.</p>

Study on correlation between Atractylodes macrocephala viability and germination rate / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To screen the optimized methods for detection seed viability and germination rate determination of Atractylodes macrocephala, and determine the relationship between seed viability and germination rate.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>There were four methods, which including 2,3,5-triphynel tetrazolilum chloride (TTC) staining, red ink staining, BTB staining and Nongjia method, to evaluate the 12 A. macrocephala local varieties'seed viability and measure their germination rate.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Seed viability of A. macrocephala using TTC staining ranked the first compared to that of other three methods. Seed viability was significantly related with germination rate using TTC method. Their correlation coefficient reached 0.915 and regression equation was also found out between seed viability (X) and germination rate (Y), which was Y = -0.083 4 + 0.995 4X.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>TTC staining was the optimal method to determine A. macrocephala seed vitality. Furthermore, seed viability was significant related with germination rate of A. macrocephala.</p>

Mutagenic effects of gamma-rays on Coix lacryma-jobi var. ma-yuen / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the mutagenic effect of gamma-rays on Coix lacryma-jobi var. ma-yuen.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Physiological and mutagenic effects of gamma-rays on C. lacryma-jobi var. ma-yuen dormant seeds were studied. The germination percentage, seeding survival, seeding height and root length of M1 plants and the frequency of chlorophyll mutation in M2 generation were selected as criteria.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The gamma-rays showed obvious inhibitory action to the seedling growth, and a strong ability in inducing the chlorophyll mutation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The gamma-rays is one kind of C. lacryma-jobi var. ma-yuen effective mutagen. The appropriate dose of gamma-rays is 450 Gy for C. lacryma-jobi var. ma-yuen dormant seeds.</p>